Flax (also known as linseed) is a broadleaf crop grown for both its seeds and fibers.
Botanical Name: Linum Usitatissimum (Linum – derived from Gaelic word for ‘thread’ and Usitatissimum derived from the Latin term for ‘most useful’)
Family: N.O. Linaceae
The geographical origin of flax has not been determined due to the fact that it has been cultivated in all climates for centuries – even being found in Egyptian tombs.
The flax plant grows to approximately 3 feet in height and features an alternate leaf pattern. It is an herbaceous annual that branches corymbosely above the main stem. Leaves are borne on both stems and branches. The edges of the leaf blades are entire*.
Flowers range from blue to purple and are radically symmetrical and feature five petals and sepals as well as five stamen. They are borne on long erect pedicels and are hermaphrodite.
Minimum tillage is best for flax crops as sturdier soils help the deep rooting structure. Because flax seeds are small and have little food storage, it is important to take necessary steps to ensure optimum environment for germination.
Flax should not be planted successively as it is prone to suffering from fusarium wilt. A three year period in between crops is recommended.
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