research + things to ponder

some books i’ve found so far*:

  • animacies: bio politics, racial mattering and queer effect by mel y. chen
  • anime: from akira to princess mononoke by susan j. napier
  • the anime machine by thomas lamarre
  • animation in asian and the pacific by john a. lent
  • animation: a world history (vol. 3) by giannalberto bendazzi
  • anime fan communities: transcultural flows and frictions by sandra annett
  • diversity in disney films: critical essays on race, ethnicity, gender, sexuality and disablity by johnson cheu
  • japanese visual culture by mark w. macwilliams

(it’s annoying how most of those are written by white people but they’re what i’ve found from the college’s library so far)

i also found a bunch of articles on jstor that i need to sort through when i have time

questions/topics to think about:

  • who enjoys anime and why?
  • in what ways have american cartoons/media (disney, cartoon network, nickelodeon, 4kids, etc) fucked up in terms of representation? how have they done well? in what ways have their shows taken influence from asian cultures?
  • why such a heavy focus on east asian cultures? issues of power + influence
  • why do we enjoy these things? what brings us to be interested in fantasy + other genres that cartoons + anime illustrate? what’s the appeal?
  • what’s up with fandom culture? unpacking fandoms
  • finding friendship through shared interests and hobbies
  • calling out problematic issues in the media we enjoy
  • how has my upbringing affected the media i enjoy? how has home affected my earlier understandings of things? in what ways have i grown + continue to grow since then?

*i’ve checked out/requested from summit all of these books except for the japanese visual culture one. (if anyone would like to use these books for their final projects as well please let me know! i’ll likely only need a few sections out of each of the books anyways so if u want to borrow or use these after i do feel free to reach out to me)

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on art, representation and personal growth

wouldn’t you want to see yourself reflected in the things you love?

i’ve been interested in the arts, especially visual arts (drawing/painting/illustration) for as long as i can remember. i fell in love with drawing back in middle school, and it’s not uncommon to spot me doodling away in my sketchbook or on any piece of paper i can find while i’m in class. i started out by drawing really crappy anime art that i learned from my short time in japanese class, with blocky lines and obnoxiously large eyes that bulged from the person’s face. they were objectively really bad drawings, let alone cringey. i would include pictures but i don’t remember where all of those old sketchbooks are, so i’ll save both us of that embarrassment.

the progression of my art style to what it is now came with the development of my racial identity. my art style is still heavily stylized, with influence from anime art, but is much closer to realism than in the past thanks to me taking time to study what people actually look like, but i also draw more folks of color than i ever did when i was a grubby little middle schooler. i’m glad that i’ve grown and become more aware of myself and the world around me and that my art isn’t limited to ambiguously white emo vampire kids. here’s an example of what my art style looks like now:

A drawing I did for Inktober (a drawing challenge for the month of October) of a modern witch girl. She is sitting down in front of a book and a wand with an exhausted expression. There are various pens that I used to draw the piece with placed aesthetically next to the drawing.

along with me blossoming into my identities, expanding my knowledge of race and ethnicity, the way that i view art and my various hobbies—from anime, tv, movies, video games, music, and more—has become more focused on issues of representation. i’ve become more picky about the media that i choose to consume, and more critical of things that i’ve enjoyed in the past or that i continue to enjoy. i feel like this is reflected in my art style as well. i want to see more people of color in our media sources, but not as tokens. not as stereotypes. not just written in to fill a quota. as ourselves. our real, raw, authentic selves. it’s also okay to admit when we are interested in media that can be considered problematic. i think the most important thing is that we own up to what’s wrong with what we enjoy and remind ourselves to challenge those problematics and call them out when they show up, and if things become too much, too hurtful, it’s okay to walk away from that thing that we used to enjoy and move on to something else.

what media have you enjoyed in the past that is different from what you enjoy now? are there things that you’ve become more aware of that you think about more now that you’ve grown up? how have you grown as a person, and how is that reflected in your interests today?

 

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seminar notes on Donald Duk

  • romanization + different ethnicities (donald’s state of mind as a factor)
    -> Kwan Kung/Guan Yu
  • “i’m not like them” -> donald’s anti-Chinese/anti-Blackness
  • generational difference + language (or lack thereof)
  • coming of age (determined by culture)
    -> self-hatred + desire to fit in (in this case, into american culture)
    -> “my family doesn’t understand me” – identity crisis
    -> people come of age, cultures come of age, nations, etc. (continuous, not stagnant)
  • arnold’s character
    -> inviting himself over (rude) then saying “i’m not welcome anymore”
  • the parents: dad’s tough love, directness; mom’s patience, humor, mediation
  • agent orange -> herbicide used in Vietnam war (american cong)
  • the teacher + his white savior complex – being an expert on your own culture
  • internalized racism due to racist teacher + history inaccuracies
    -> big reason why i want to be a history teacher so i can give students of color accesss to their actual histories, not ones that were falsely construed by white colonialists (or at least access to resources so they can find out themselves bc i’m not gonna know everything)
    -> weaponizing his brownness against other brown people
  • mandate of heaven (tien ming) – you must hold (your culture) to yourself or else they’ll take it away from you
  • misogyny + masculinity/manhood
    -> tough love + bluntness, issues of safety + protection in POC families
  • classified as a young adult (YA) book – why?
    -> fluid boundary between adult + children’s literature
    -> cultural coming of age book (donald turning 12 in chinese culture)
  • dreams/illusions – melding together reality + dreams mirrors confusion of coming of age
  • why do different periods of history merge? constant connections
    -> reflection of the subconscious, eventual acceptance of his heritage
  • Angel Island detention center as the ending scene
  • connections to When the Emperor was Divine:
    -thinking about home; longing
    -> ideal life/past (emperor) vs. discovery of past + identity crisis (donald)
    -american dream
    -fathers
    -outlaws + cowboys, disorder, antiheroes
    -> the son in emperor w/ horses + donald w/ robin hood
    -family dynamics
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Better Luck Tomorrow (2002) film notes

  • the neighborhood in the beginning of the movie looks a lot like the Salishan neighborhood in tacoma (predominantly asian immigrant + low income neighborhood)
  • suburban feeling – there’s nothing to do so thrill seeking begins
  • virgil saying the n word
    -asian folks’ fascination w/ black culture
  • MTV movie
  • tons of hypermasculinity (fragile asian guys puts up fronts to protect his image/ego)
    -drug abuse, weapons, fighting, sexualizing women
  • character breakdowns:
    ben:
    virgil: follower, impressionable, emotional
    han: big brother figure, brawns, tough guy
    daric: enabler, charismatic, power-hungry, narcissist (probably)
    steve: rich, bored, lonely, probably also a narcissist
    stephanie: love interest, smart, mysterious
  • tokenization: daric writing that affirmative action article about ben being a benchwarmer on the basketball team
  • 90’s vibe (pagers, clothing, flip phones, etc.)
  • no parents involved w/ the characters (all high schoolers,,, somehow)
  • no major roles for white people
  • “invisible clique” in school aka erased/absent asian presence
  • no specific asian ethnic group -> words used: oriental, asian, but they’re percieved/are chinese
  • stephanie being adopted not getting explored as much as it should
  • coming of age film
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brainstorming for final project

what is popular culture?

  • cultures as multiraciality but not a melting pot
    -> deliberate mixing of cultures to create what we know today as asian american culture
  • influence and power is key
  • media standing in an (unspoken) hierarchy

choosing final essay topic:

home:

  • food
  • drawing/art
  • the body
  • warmth
  • water
  • comfort
  • singing
  • eyes
  • plushies
  • cats
  • brown

pop culture:

  • music
  • tv
  • art
  • anime/manga
  • video games
  • kpop/kmusic
  • jpop/jrock/jmusic
  • lofi hip hop
  • appropriation

APIA:

  • being pilipinx and chicanx
  • the diaspora
  • east asian culture influences (japanese/chinese/korean)
  • being in a relationship with someone more asian/more immersed in asian culture than me (both family + friends)
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notes on History and Memory (for Akiko and Takashige) (1991)

cw: mentions of drug use, abuse, trauma + domestic violence

  • narrator contemplates her sister’s photos and memorabilia of white people
  • bombing of pearl harbor
    -> film recreations of historical events; rewriting narratives
  • “she bought the house in my name” is he nisei?
  • who chose what story to tell?
  • japanese “relocation”
    ->”living in a family full of ghosts,” memories of the concentration camps even without being there herself, intergenerational trauma
    ->japanese folks in california “willingly” leaving and arriving at camp
  • why (mother) forgot to remember (cognitive dissonance? or forgetting bc remembering is too painful?)
    ->my mom does the same, i feel. whether bc drug use/abuse/domestic violence/etc.
  • war relocation association
  • poston camp took a portion fo native american reservation land
  • white people jealous of japanese farmer’s/people’s ability to grow crops/plants/finding water
  • brainwashing ppl to think relocation was a “military necessity” (mentioned in when the emperor was divine; find page number later)
  • this movie is overstimulating
  • 2/3 of folks were 1st gen japanese american, 1/3 were citizens
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N O S T A L G I A: childhood memories of asian pop culture on screen

it’s interesting to think that for most of my early life, i didn’t consider myself to be asian american. as i look back on the asian american media that i’ve consumed, i spent a long time watching shows like pokemon, american dragon jake long, jackie chan adventures, super robot monkey team hyper force go, and later anime such as naruto and others from a detached, impersonal lens. i believe that this caused me to participate in a lot of unhealthy stereotypes of asian folks, effectively boiling down most of my knowledge of asian culture to ninjas and dragons, lolita, plushies, ramen and etc. (note: most of these items listed coming from japanese pop culture) the list could go on. it probably didn’t help that many of the folks that consumed these types of media with me weren’t asian, and probably played into the fetishization of asian culture without me realizing it.

now that i’m aware of my asian identity, i look at these shows with a much different lens. who is the target audience? what is the makeup of the fandom like? what do folks from these cultures think of the way they’re being portrayed? are there inaccuracies that could easily turn into misinterpretations and harmful stereotypes? who wrote the script? who was cast as the actor/voice actor? what were the intentions behind the making of this show?

what shows/movies/animes/etc. did you watch growing up with connections to asian american culture? i’ll list a few of my favorites below in no particular order (note: some of these may be cringey, and that’s okay):

  • pokemon
  • teen titans
  • winx club
  • teenage mutant ninja turtles
  • digimon
  • rugrats
  • jackie chan adventures
  • american dragon jake long
  • pucca
  • super robot monkey team hyper force go
  • sagwa
  • sonix x
  • static shock
  • ben 10
  • xmen: evolutions
  • grim adventures of billy and mandy
  • the simpsons
  • fruits basket
  • ouran high school host club
  • naruto
  • hetalia
  • haikyuu!!
  • death note
  • dragon ball z
  • yugioh
  • samurai champloo
  • michiko to hatchin
  • baccano!
  • code lyoko
  • bakugan
  • hi hi puffy amiyumi
  • avatar: the last airbender
  • samurai jack
  • codename: kids next door
  • the powerpuff girls
  • invader zim
  • power rangers
  • the fairly odd parents
  • atlantis
  • treasure planet
  • my life as a teenage robot
  • mulan
  • lilo and stitch
  • aladdin
  • wendy wu: homecoming warrior
  • kung fu panda
  • totally spies
  • xiaolin showdown
  • kirby: right back at ya!
  • hamtaro
  • hello kitty
  • kim possible
  • kappa mikey
  • bobobo-bo bo-bobo
  • soul eater
  • vampire knight
  • black butler
  • rave master
  • bleach
  • one piece
  • special a
  • d.n.angel
  • chobits
  • zatch bell
  • hidamari sketchx365
  • my little monster
  • kimi ni todoke
  • say i love you
  • princess jellyfish
  • lucky star
  • blood+
  • magical DoReMi
  • the vision of escaflowne
  • aquarion
  • puella magi madoka magica
  • spirited away
  • kiki’s delivery service
  • my neighbor totoro
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“field trip” to tacoma: on visiting home

A photo of me sitting on some rocks next to the bridge in the middle of Tacoma’s Chinese Reconciliation Park, taken by my lovely friend Luna.

this tuesday, our program visited tacoma’s downtown to go check out the exhibits that were up in the washington state history museum, the tacoma art museum (TAM) and visit the chinese reconciliation park that sits along the waterfront in between downtown and north tacoma. for me, though, this wasn’t a field trip as much as it was a nostalgia trip. tacoma is my home; i consider it to be my second hometown, next to san diego, my birth city. i’ve lived in tacoma for almost 10 years now, and in washington for about 12, but it still feels like i moved here just a while ago. time is weird.

while most of the folks in our program were busy absorbing the information from the museums and the park (i really hope they did at least, these exhibits and this place mean a lot, there’s a lot of history hidden in the streets and buildings of tacoma that i’m still trying to uncover), i spent a lot of my time reflecting on my life in tacoma so far. i was distracted by all the memories i’ve built up over the years in that city that sometimes i just couldn’t pay attention to what was happening around me. i’ve only been to the history museum once before this field trip, and it was for my school’s homecoming dance in my sophomore year. i’m not a big dance or party person so it’s a wonder even to me why i went, but that night, instead of dancing with my friend-slash-date-that-i-didn’t-realize-was-a-date (oops, sorry buddy. we still had lots of fun hanging out that night though), i took off my flats and ran through the  entire first floor of the museum in a sugar-induced rush, effectively sweating off all of my makeup in the process, but it was a fun night nonetheless. as i walked around the museum with our class, though, i thought back to my excitable high school self, back to that night. i vaguely remember looking briefly at the exhibits that night, but during our trip, i kept thinking to myself: would i have been as absorbed in these exhibits as i was today if not for that dance? most likely not, since i wasn’t as much of a history nerd as i am now, but it was nice to really take in the exhibit with the knowledge and mindset that i have now. i actually need to take a look through my phone gallery later and look at the photos that i took of the parts of the exhibit that tie in with this program. maybe after i finish updating my blog with these entries.

unfortunately, i wasn’t able to look at the exhibits in the art museum, but for a good reason. when your class’ field trip is basically you going home, wouldn’t you also want to visit home? after i was done looking around the history museum, i called my mom and asked if she could take me out for lunch, and luckily for me she had some time. it was nice to see my mom for a bit and eat with her at this teriyaki place down the way from my house. we used to always get takeout from that place, usually after soccer games or if she didn’t want to make dinner that night, haha. i even convinced my partner to come down and eat with us, and he was sweet enough to come down to our end of town and join us. i guess this whole field trip was just a trip down memory lane for me. this weekend my partner and i are gonna go to the art museum together and i’ll get to go look at what i missed then. i’ll probably update this post with my thoughts once i do that.

i also thought i had never heard of the chinese reconciliation park when chico brought it up, but once we had gone down to the waterfront i remembered that i have been there before, i just never realized what the place was called before. i’ve gone there a few times to walk my dog with my sister or my partner and his sister’s dog (there are always people walking their dogs at the waterfront. it’s a nice thing to see when you’re having a bad day). once when i went with my partner to the park he told me about how the shiisaa* sitting in front of the fuzhou ting** had been vandalized in the past (which i found an article for here). i could see where the folks had dug through the mouth of the shiisaa to get to the granite ball that was inside of it before, since the teeth and mouth of the statue had noticable chips and dents from whoever vandalized it. that park is a beautiful and highly important space, and i hope no one else decides to disrespect it like that in the future.

all in all, it was interesting to be back. it was nice to see my mom and my partner and to learn more about my home, even if going home isn’t always the best time for me. i think i’ll revisit the history museum, as well as the art museum and the chinese reconciliation park inevitably in the future. what will i see next that i never noticed before?

 

*shiisaa: traditional chinese statues, similar to gargoyles. used to ward off evil spirits (open mouth) or keep good ones in (closed mouth)

**fuzhou ting: fuzhou is tacoma’s sister city in china; ting: pavillion in mandarin

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seminar notes on “Asian American History: A Very Short Introduction”

  • competitions/economics
  • mistreating asian immigrants mirrors immigrant issues today
    -> latinx and middle eastern (mainly muslim) immigration
    ->xenophobia + the dangers of profiling
  • scapegoating of vulnerable marginalized groups
  • what is an asian-american? (hard to draw a clear line bc of how many asian ethnic groups there are)
  • asian american: japan (even though japan is on an island), china, korea, south asian, south-east asia
  • pacific islander: south east asia (ex. philippines), oceania, samoa, hawaii, i’m missing a lot of places but there’s plenty more
    ->part of it is geopolitical – putting groups against each other
    -> most ppl think of their country of origin first instead of asian/asian american
  • people w/ most power conquering “weaker” folks
    ->exploitation, encouraging ppl to come for labor but not to stay forever
  • why is it important to learn asian american/pacific islander american history to understand asian popular culture?
  • ex. food
    -> why do we see so many chinese restaurants but not pilipino ones?
  • self exotification (as a means of survival) + proximity to whiteness (access to resources, etc)
  • economic status
  • survival and sacrifice
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personal: thinking about “home”

A Rilakkuma bear plush is pictured slumped against the wall; I felt similarly to this image while writing this post.

a thought i scribbled in my notebook this week:

“i’ve always lived in homes that never quite feel like ‘home”

we’ve mentioned home a lot this week with the project proposal date approaching us and it’s been making me think of how disconnected i feel sometimes from mentions of home

maybe it’s my depression

maybe it’s because of abandonment issues

maybe it’s because of those diasporic feelings of longing for the home(s) i was never allowed to go to

maybe it’s because i’m multiracial and i don’t feel like i belong anywhere because no one completely understands what i’m going through, and i’m forced to learn about my identities in isolation of each other because multiplicity doesn’t exist for many folks quite yet

like even this space doesn’t feel right for me most of the time but i’m going to stick it out because i want to learn more about this part of my identity and expand my knowledge on asian american history

how i’m feeling might change in the future but for now i’ll try to look back and remember instances of feeling at home and feeling like myself in my own body/identities again to prepare myself for writing up my proposal. wish me luck

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