Smith Rock State Park was one of the first sport climbing areas in the U.S. The rock is composed of volcanic tuff; compressed volcanic ash that forms into rock from compression and the high temperatures of a recent ash flows. The ash flow occurred approximately 30 – 40 million years ago.

The rock is rough in texture and has many small features that make for very technical climbing.

Due to its scenic nature and beautiful hikes, the park is the second most visited state park in Oregon, after one of the coastal state parks.